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InfoSys 2025 Congress
March 09, 2025 to March 13, 2025 - Lisbon, Portugal
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InfoWare 2025 Congress
March 09, 2025 to March 13, 2025 - Lisbon, Portugal
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DataSys 2025 Congress
April 06, 2025 to April 10, 2025 - Valencia, Spain
- AICT 2025, The Twenty-Second Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications
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ComputationWorld 2025 Congress
April 06, 2025 to April 10, 2025 - Valencia, Spain
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May 18, 2025 to May 22, 2025 - Nice, France
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IARIA Congress 2025, The 2025 IARIA Annual Congress on Frontiers in Science, Technology, Services, and Applications
July 06, 2025 to July 10, 2025 - Athens, Greece
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July 06, 2025 to July 10, 2025 - Athens, Greece
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NexTech 2025 Congress
September 28, 2025 to October 02, 2025 - Lisbon, Portugal
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SoftNet 2025 Congress
September 28, 2025 to October 02, 2025 - Lisbon, Portugal
- ICSEA 2025, The Twentieth International Conference on Software Engineering Advances
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SocSys 2025 Congress
October 26, 2025 to October 30, 2025 - Barcelona, Spain
NetWare 2025 Congress
October 26, 2025 to October 30, 2025 - Barcelona, Spain
- SENSORCOMM 2025, The Nineteenth International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications
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- FASSI 2025, The Eleventh International Conference on Fundamentals and Advances in Software Systems Integration
- GREEN 2025, The Tenth International Conference on Green Communications, Computing and Technologies
- HEALTHINFO 2025, The Tenth International Conference on Informatics and Assistive Technologies for Health-Care, Medical Support and Wellbeing
TechWorld 2025 Congress
October 26, 2025 to October 30, 2025 - Barcelona, Spain
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ThinkMind // International Journal On Advances in Software, volume 16, numbers 3 and 4, 2023 // View article soft_v16_n34_2023_4
A UAV Based System for Real-Time Near-Infrared Monitoring of Small-Scale Wildfires
 Authors:
Edwin Magidimisha
Seelen Naidoo
Zimbini Faniso-Mnyaka
Muhammad Ahmed Nana
Shrikant Virendra Naidoo
Vusi Skosana Keywords: UAV, Climate, Near Infrared, Potassium, Wildfires Abstract:
Wildfires are a global threat that is becoming more severe and widespread due to climate change. These fires not only pose a significant risk to human life, firefighters, and infrastructure, but also endanger forest resources, increase greenhouse gas emissions, and cause huge economic losses. Several researchers have been working to find dedicated solutions for early wildfire detection, tracking, and firefighting assistance. Traditional methods of fire detection have mainly been from fire lookouts in towers, infrared sensors on elevated platforms, surveillance of fires from aircraft, and remote sensing from satellites. Although these techniques have been proven to work in other areas, they are unsuitable or are limited in performance due to various reasons, e.g., human accuracy, sensor field of view limiting coverage to smaller areas, sensor cost-effectiveness, and re-visit time on a satellite. To counteract the problem, a real-time wildfire monitoring system that can detect small-scale wildfire events and that can be used for tactical forest firefighting operations is proposed. The concept takes advantage of vegetation biomass combustion by-products such as the alkali element Potassium (K) that is emitted at the flaming phase of the fire. The technique is specific to the flaming phase of the fire and is not affected by the fire size. It employs two high-resolution, cost-effective complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOS) with high quantum efficiency within the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. The sensor uses ultra-narrow-band filtering and target-to-background rationing techniques for the detection of vegetation fires. The system is designed to be self-contained, having its supporting power, compact, and lightweight for easy integration on different types and sizes of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to provide real-time detection and support to firefighters while airborne. UAVs can provide a low-cost alternative for the reduction of fire disasters through early detection, reporting, and real-time support for firefighters. This paper presents the experimental results of an NIR optical sensor mounted on a UAV carrier that was used to collect data while flying at low to 200m above ground at the Centurion Grassland Flying Club. The results provide evidence of the presence of K in small-scale actively burning vegetation fires observed at different angles and detectable from a UAV. The results support the use of NIR sensor payload for the detection of small-scale fires from a UAV platform. Pages: 172 to 182 Copyright: Copyright (c) to authors, 2023. Used with permission. Publication date: December 30, 2023 Published in: journal ISSN: 1942-2628
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